NAUSEA AND VOMITING
Many medical conditions cause nausea and vomiting. Nausea is a stomach ache that often causes vomiting. Vomiting is the involuntary expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth.Viral or bacterial infections, motion sickness, poisoning from food, pregnancy, drug side effects, and more severe illnesses including kidney or liver failure, cancer, or brain damage may induce nausea and vomiting.
Causes of nausea and vomiting There are some possible causes of nausea and vomiting in abdominal disorders:
Gastrointestinal disorders: gastroenteritis, peptic ulcers, inflammatory bowel disorders, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can cause nausea and vomiting.
Pancreatitis: Nausea and vomiting may be symptoms of pancreatitis.
Gallbladder disease: Gallstones and gallbladder inflammation can induce nausea and vomiting.
Appendicitis: Gallstones and inflammation of the gallbladder may cause nausea and vomiting.
Bowel obstruction: Intestinal obstruction can induce nausea and vomiting, as well as abdominal pain and constipation.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder that affects the digestive system and is characterized by nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, bloating, and stool pattern alterations.
Liver disease: Symptoms of liver disease include nausea and vomiting, as well as exhaustion, jaundice, and abdominal discomfort.
Cancer: Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms of cancers of the abdominal cavity, as are stomach discomfort, bloating, and a lack of appetite.
Nausea and vomiting are only two of the symptoms that may present with an abdominal disease.
Abdominal pain or discomfort
Diarrhoea or constipation.
Fever
Loss of appetite
Fatigue
Jaundice
The underlying cause determines the abdominal disorder's nausea and vomiting diagnosis. To identify causes, a doctor will take a physical and medical history. For confirmation, they may order blood, stool, imaging, or endoscopy tests.
Problems caused by nausea and vomiting can lead to several problems, especially if they last a long time or are very bad.
Nausea and vomiting problems include:
Dehydration: Dehydration is a serious risk if nausea and vomiting are ignored.
Dry mouth, dark urine, and fatigue are all signs of dehydration.
Malnutrition: Chronic or severe vomiting can cause malnutrition if a person doesn't eat or drink enough.
Electrolyte imbalances: Vomiting can cause electrolyte imbalances, which can cause muscle weakness, an irregular heartbeat, and other problems.
Aspiration pneumonia: Aspiration pneumonia, an infection of the lungs, may be fatal if contracted after inhaling vomit.
Esophageal damage: Constant vomiting may cause irritation, haemorrhage, or even rupture of the oesophagus.
Tooth decay: Constant vomiting may wear down tooth enamel and raise the likelihood of developing cavities.
Psychological complications: Chronic vomiting may cause anxiety, despair, and social isolation.